issthmus is a bridge of fabrics that connect two lobes of the thyroid gland, located on both sides of the wind of the wind on the front of the neck.A total of 2 to 9% of thyroid cancer is located in Istmus, but the crabs in this area are more often distributed outside the thyroid gland than the cancer found in other parts of the thyroid gland.
The thyroid assembly is a computer that is on or on the thyroid gland. Consciousness is detected at approximately 6% of women and 1% 2% of men. / P>
When the node is detected in the thyroid gland, health care providers should take into account the Possibility of cancer (malignant). In 95% of the thyroid cases, the thyroid gland is benign (inappropriate).
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What is the thyroid gland?
The thyroid gland is in front of the bottomFrom the neck. The iron is formed like a butterfly, with ‘wings’ or actions located on each side of the wind of the wind. These actions are connected by the fabric bridge, known as the location, which extends over the entire branch.
The thyroid gland makes hormones traveling in blood to tissues throughout the body.
hormones made by the body of the thyroid gland produces energy, stay warm and keep the organs vital as a heart and is configured correctly.
Thyroid cancer
The risk of cancer may vary on the basis of whether the nodules are detected in the areas of ISTE or lobs (wings) of the thyroid gland.
Recent studies found that the nodules in the thyroid gland occur an increased risk of malignancy than the assembly node. The nodules at the bottom of the lobes are considered at least the risk of cancer.
The risk of cancer of the thyroid unit is low. The malignant nodules occur around 5% of all the nodules. / P>
where the nodules found are significantly in the definition of risk cancer.The risk of thyroid cancer is the highest for carbon, and then the upper part, then the average thyroid gland. Thaks
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. Disseminate to other parts of the body.The prognosis of cancer, which extends outside the thyroid gland, is less favored than cancer, which remains in the thyroid gland.
Risk factors
There are a number of risk factors for thyroid cancer. Some of the modified risk risk factors, while other agecannot can be changed.
Non-modifiable risk factors. He begins earlier in women, often from 40 to 50 years at the time of diagnosis. For men, the diagnosis is often at the age of 60 and 70 and 70 years.
nodululs occurs 10 times more often in the elderly than young people. Thyroid cancer also tends to be more aggressive in the elderly.
Thyroid cancer occurs more frequently in women than men. The speed of thyroid cancer in women is approximately three times in men. The reasons for this are unknown.
Family History
Availability of your direct family (father, brother, brother or Child) with thyroid cancer poses its risk. The reason for this genetic reference is currently unknown.
Modifiable thyroid cancer risk factors include:
radiation irradiation
The exposure to radiation is a proven risk factor of cancer in the thyroid gland.The impact of radiation can come from the accident in the power plant, Fallout of the use of nuclear weapons or some medical procedures.
Those who had radiation procedures associated with the neck or head, since children rise to risk cancer from the thyroid gland. This risk usually increases more dose or younger man during treatment.
Although the tests, such as radiographs and computed tomography (TC), people scan to radiation at a low dose, is unknown how important this risk is risk for cancer of thyroid.It is believed that the dose is so low from these procedures that risk is likely to be low. However, given a small risk, such evidence should be avoided in children, if it is not necessary.
The effect of radiation, since an adult is less risk for thyroid cancer than in children.
weight
Those who have overweight or obesity have risk thyroid cancer of greater development than those who are not. This risk increases with a higher body mass index (BMI).
iodine in the diet
The low diet in iodine is a GLAND Risk factor of thyroid cancer. However, the diet is too high in iodine can also increase this risk.
iodine deficiency is usually not a problem in the United States, since iodine is added to the salt of the table.
SYMPTOMS
Symptoms and signs of thyroid cancer may include:
bulge on the neck,What can be fast-growing pain
on the front of the neck, which extends to the side of the ears
swelling of the neck (goiter)
voices or swallows changes,that are preserved
difficulties with swallow
difficulty breathing
permanent cough, which is not cold
packages in The thyroid gland can be common and, often, do not sink.Any of the above symptoms can also be caused by conditions other than thyroid cancer. But if you have any of these symptoms, you should talk to your doctor.
In many cases, the thyroid gland nodules do not cause symptoms, and the nodules are detected only during the routine examination or upon receipt Scan for unrelated conditions.
Sometimes those that with nodules in the thyroid gland can see or feel a bulge on the neck. In rare cases there may also be pain in the neck, ears or jaws.If the node is large, it can cause problems swallowing or breathing and can give a feeling ‘tucked into the throat’.’
Getting information Meds
Diagnostics
After the thyroid node will perform tests to determine,They are the malignant or benign nodules.
The physical test of the thyroid gland initially, when the health care provider sits down, increases if the entire thyroid gland increases, and determines if there are several nodules.
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Blood You can order tests to determine if the thyroid gland works normally.
It is often impossible to determine if a nodule is only through physical examinations and blood tests, so that additional tests are generally required.
Thyroid Scan
The scan of the thyroid gland includes a photograph of the thyroid gland after a small amount of radioactive or swallowed or inserted isotope.This test can determine if the nodule is considered hyperfunctional (also known as ‘hot node’). Remove the need for a fine aspiration biopsy needle. Scan the thyroid gland should not be done in pregnant women.
ULTSOUND
Thyroid ultrasound Use high – frequency sound waves to get an image of a thyroid gland.
via ultrasound images, health care providers can determine the precise size of the nodule, and also if it is firmly or filled with liquid.
Ultrasound can also be used to identify the suspicious characteristics of the nodules, which are more common when the cancer of the thyroid gland than in the benign nodules. The thyroid ultrasound is painless.
This procedure can be performed in the health care provider’s office, generally under the administration of ultrasound. During this test, health is very thin, hollow needle on the thyroid gland to remove the cell sample.As a general rule, the samples of several cells are extracted from different parts of the UZTA to increase the possibilities of finding cancer cells if they are present. These cells are reviewed using a microscope.
The thyroid biopsy can return several results: / P>
8% Biopsies of the thyroid gland, node (benign).
15% of 20% of cases, nations are uncertain.
Domestic knots can include: / P>
Multinodooso Boiter (also called non-toxic goiter): This refers to the thyroid gland that grows too big.This usually occurs when the brain causes too much hormone to stimulate the thyroid gland. If goiter is large, the operation may be necessary, even if the node is benign.
Benign follicular adenoma: follicular belongs to cells that appear in small circular groups under a microscope.If these cells remain in UZEMLE, they are considered inappropriate, but if they are applied to the surrounding areas, they are cancer.
Thyrhenian cysts: This is a nodule full of liquids.The nodules that have liquids and solid areas are called complex nodules. Although these are benign, these nodules must be eliminated through the operation if they cause pain in the neck or complexity of swallowing.
Treatment Processing options
will vary depending on whether thyroid nodules are benign or malignant.
You acquired
Most cases of benign modules do not require treatment. . For the biopsy followed carefully using the ultrasound of the thyroid every six to 12 months.The annual physical examination must also occur.
In some cases, as a multiple goiter, thyroid medications can be recommended, like a levotioroxin hormone , to stop the Gaiter growth.Medications, such as radioid, can also be appointed for the treatment of hot nodes.’
For benign modules that continue to grow, or develop in relation to the functions found during subsequent ultrasound, it can be recommended Operation, even in the absence of cancer.
Malignant nodules
All nodes that are detected by malignant (malignant) or very suspicious to be a cancerous surgical disposal requirement.
Depending on the characteristics of the nodules, all the thyroid gland is sometimes removed during the operation. This procedure is called complete thyroidectomy.Lymphatic ganglia can also be eliminated surgically to determine the spread of cancer.
Therapy after surgery will depend on what is detected during the surgical procedure.In some cases, the treatment will include thyroid gland hormones and monitoring through blood and ultrasound analysis. In other cases, the radioactive iodine is used to destroy any residual problem accompanied by the blood and the analysis of ultrasound.
Using these methods of therapy or controlling most cancer. Less than 20% will be repeated.
Outlook
Each year, it is estimated that 52,890 adults in the United States will be diagnosed with a thyroid cancer with a majority (just over 40,000), which are women.
Each year, approximately 2180 cancer deaths from the thyroid gland will occur.Although women are three times more often than men to obtain a thyroid cancer, a similar number of men and women die of disease every year. This suggests a prognosis for men worse than the forecast for women.
In general, the rate of five-year survival rate for thyroid cancer is from 98%. But this varies depending on the type and stage of thyroid cancer when detecting and its location.If the cancer is located only in the thyroid gland, the five-year survival is almost 100%. Approximately two thirds of thyroid cancer are diagnosed at the localized stage.
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Nodules
can grow in a thyroid gland for several reasons.Cancer is the main problem when the nodules appear, but in the vast majority of the cases of the nodules in the thyroid gland are benign. It is only a small percentage of nodules in the cancer cage.But cancer nodules in this area are more often distributed outside the thyroid gland. The fact that it has a knot in the thyroid gland does not mean that it has cancer.But if you are experiencing an unusual symptom or pay attention to the packages on your neck, you should talk to your doctor.
